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THE INFLUENCE OF CONFUCIANISM FOR PUBLIC ADMİNİSTRATİON IN EAST ASIA

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 29 - 40, 11.08.2022

Öz

Confucius, who developed a unique philosophy of life, is considered one of the main elements of Chinese culture, one of the oldest and richest cultures in the world. His main aim was to find a solution to the social and political turmoil of his time. It is a legacy of Confucianism shared by more than one state, and data sources from a single country are insufficient to understand his teaching. The effects of Confucianism varied from state to state. The reason for this is the influence of the existing institutional structure and traditions in that country, and the effects of Confucianism can vary depending on when Confucianism is used. Although this doctrine predominates in moral terms, it has influenced the country in which it exists in public administration, state administration, education and many other issues. Especially in this article, the effects of Confucianism on public administration will be examined. It presents Confucius's public administration philosophy on five principles: respect for rules, being virtuous and moral, being an exemplary son, behaving in accordance with duty and position, and being honest. These principles interact closely with each other. Confucius believed that the public administration system that would work within the framework of these principles would be effective and successful. Apart from these features, there are other principles of Confucianism. For example, submission to authority, one of the Confucian teachings, is closely related to public administration. Obedience to authority is important to maintain discipline because it is consistent with the hierarchy of command and official control in bureaucracies

Kaynakça

  • Adler, J. A. (2011). Confucianism in China Today. Pearson Living Religions Forum New York. Kenyon College.
  • Assadullayev, E. (2018). BUREAUCRATIC TRADITION OF CHINA: CONFUCIANISM AND LEGALISM. Medeniyet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6.
  • Backover, M. I. (2010). Confucianism and Ethics in the Western Philosophical Tradition I: Foundational Concepts. Philosophy Compass, 5(4), 307-316. doi:10.1111/j.1747-9991.2010.00295.x
  • Chuang, S., & Wang, G. G. (2018). Confucian philosophy and influence on perceived values and behavioural orientations by Taiwan’s millennials. Human Resource Development International, 21(4), 362-381. doi:10.1080/13678868.2018.1433393
  • Creel, H. G. (1929). Confucius and Confucianism. The Open Court.
  • Drechsler, W. (2015). Paradigms of non-Western Public Administration and Governance. In A. Massey, & K. Johnston (Eds.), The International Handbook of Public Administration and Governance. Cheltenham, UK ; Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Drechsler, W. (2018). Beyond the Western Paradigm: Confucian Public Administration. In S. Bice, A. Poole, & H. Sullivan (Eds.), Public Policy in the 'Asian Century'. International Series on Public Policy. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Eno, R. (2015). The analects of Confucius. An Online Teaching Translation. Retrieved Nisan 10, 2022, from http://www.indiana.edu/~p374/Analects_of_Confucius_(Eno-2015).pdf
  • Hague, R., Harrop, M., & Breslin, S. (1992). Comparative government and politics. Hong Kong: Macmillan.
  • Hofstede, G., & Bond, M. H. (1988). Confucius and economic growth: New trends in culture’s consequences. Organizational Dynamics, 16(4), 4-21.
  • Huanyin, Y. (1993). CONFUCIUS (K’UNG TZU) (551-479 BC). Prospects: the quarterly review of comparative education, XXIII(1/2), 211-19.
  • Knoblock, J. (1988). Xunzi: A Study and Translation of the Complete Works. Enriching the State, 3(2).
  • Komşu, U. C. (2011). Konfüçyüs ve Sokrates’in Eğitim Felsefelerinin Yetişkin Eğitimi Açısından Karşılaştırılması. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(4), 25-54.
  • Kuranovic, V. (2016). Confucianism importance in China international global business world. In Theoretical,methodological and practical foundations of human resources management.
  • List-Jensen, A. S. (2008). Economic Development and Authoritarianism: A Case Study on the Korean Developmental State. Development, Innovation and International Political Economy Research Series. Working Paper No.5. Denmark: Aalborg University,1-27.
  • Low, K. C., & Ang, S. L. (2013). Confucian Ethics, Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(4), 30-43.
  • Monteiro, A. R. (2014). Ethics of Human Rights. Springer, Cham. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-03566-6
  • Murata, S. (2005). Sufi Teachings in Neo-Confucian Islam. 3rd Annual Victor Danner Memorial Lecture.
  • Önder, M., & Ulaşan, F. (2016). The Impact of Public Administration on Economic Growth The Case of South Korea. International Journal of Leadership Education and Management Studies., 23-43.
  • Rainey, L. D. (2010). Confucius & Confucianism The Essentials. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Ramirez, L. F., & Rubio, J. E. (2008). Culture, Government and Development in South Korea. Asian Culture and History, 2(1), 71-81.
  • Rarick, C. (2008). Confucius on Management: Understanding Chinese Cultural Values and Managerial Practices. Journal of International Management, 2(2).
  • Rarick, C. A. (2007). Confucius on Management: Understanding Chinese Cultural –Values and Managerial Practices. Journal of International Management Studies, 22-28.
  • The Scholar as Gentleman. (2017). Exhibition room in the Asian Civilizations Museum Singapore description.
  • Tu, W. (2000). Implications of the Rise of “Confucian” East Asia. Daedalus, 129 (1), 195–218.
  • Tu, W.-m. (1989). Centrality and Commonality: An Essay on Confucian Religiousness. Albany: State University of New York Press.
  • Tu, W.-m. (1991). A Confucian Perspective on the Rise of Industrial East Asia. In S. Krieger, & R. Trauzettel (Eds.), Confucianism and the Modernization of China (pp. 29–41). Mainz: Hase and Koehler Verlang.
  • Yang, H. (1993). Confucius (K’ung Tzu) (551-479 bc). The quarterly review of comparative education (Paris, UNESCO: International Bureau of Education), vol. XXIII, no. 1/2, 211-19.

THE INFLUENCE OF CONFUCIANISM FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN FAR EAST

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 29 - 40, 11.08.2022

Öz

Kendine özgü bir yaşam felsefesi geliştiren Konfüçyüs, dünyanın en eski ve en zengin kültürlerinden biri olan Çin kültürünün ana unsurlarından biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Temel amacı, zamanının sosyal ve politik kargaşasına çözüm bulmaktı. Konfüçyüsçülüğün birden fazla devlet tarafından paylaşılan bir mirastır ve tek bir ülkeden gelen veri kaynakları bu öğretinin anlaşılması bakımından yetersizdir. Konfüçyüsçülük kullanıldığı devletten devlete etkileri değişmiştir. Bunun nedeni o ülkedeki var olan kurumsal yapı ve geleneklerin etkidir ve kullanıldığı zamanda Konfüçyüsçülüğün etkileri bakımından çok önemlidir. Bu öğreti, ahlaki bakımdan ağır basmasına rağmen kamu yönetimi, devlet yönetimi, eğitim ve birçok konuda var olduğu ülkeyi etkilemiştir. Özellikle bu makalede Konfüçyüsçülüğün kamu yönetimine olan etkileri incelenecektir. Konfüçyüs'ün kamu yönetimi felsefesini kurallara saygılı olmak, erdemli ve ahlaklı olmak, örnek evlat olmak, görev ve pozisyona uygun davranmak ve dürüst olmak olmak üzere beş ilke üzerinden sunmaktadır. Bu ilkeler birbirleriyle yakın etkileşim içindedir. Konfüçyüs, bu ilkeler çerçevesinde çalışacak kamu yönetim sisteminin etkili ve başarılı olacağına inanıyordu. Bu özelliklerin dışında Konfüçyüsçülüğün başka ilkeleri de vardır. Örneğin Konfüçyüsçü öğretilerden biri olan otoriteye boyun eğme kamu yönetimini yakından ilgilendirmektedir. Otoriteye boyun eğmenin, bürokrasilerdeki komuta hiyerarşisi ve resmi kontrol ile tutarlı olması nedeniyle disiplini sağlamak açısından önemlidir.

Kaynakça

  • Adler, J. A. (2011). Confucianism in China Today. Pearson Living Religions Forum New York. Kenyon College.
  • Assadullayev, E. (2018). BUREAUCRATIC TRADITION OF CHINA: CONFUCIANISM AND LEGALISM. Medeniyet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6.
  • Backover, M. I. (2010). Confucianism and Ethics in the Western Philosophical Tradition I: Foundational Concepts. Philosophy Compass, 5(4), 307-316. doi:10.1111/j.1747-9991.2010.00295.x
  • Chuang, S., & Wang, G. G. (2018). Confucian philosophy and influence on perceived values and behavioural orientations by Taiwan’s millennials. Human Resource Development International, 21(4), 362-381. doi:10.1080/13678868.2018.1433393
  • Creel, H. G. (1929). Confucius and Confucianism. The Open Court.
  • Drechsler, W. (2015). Paradigms of non-Western Public Administration and Governance. In A. Massey, & K. Johnston (Eds.), The International Handbook of Public Administration and Governance. Cheltenham, UK ; Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Drechsler, W. (2018). Beyond the Western Paradigm: Confucian Public Administration. In S. Bice, A. Poole, & H. Sullivan (Eds.), Public Policy in the 'Asian Century'. International Series on Public Policy. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Eno, R. (2015). The analects of Confucius. An Online Teaching Translation. Retrieved Nisan 10, 2022, from http://www.indiana.edu/~p374/Analects_of_Confucius_(Eno-2015).pdf
  • Hague, R., Harrop, M., & Breslin, S. (1992). Comparative government and politics. Hong Kong: Macmillan.
  • Hofstede, G., & Bond, M. H. (1988). Confucius and economic growth: New trends in culture’s consequences. Organizational Dynamics, 16(4), 4-21.
  • Huanyin, Y. (1993). CONFUCIUS (K’UNG TZU) (551-479 BC). Prospects: the quarterly review of comparative education, XXIII(1/2), 211-19.
  • Knoblock, J. (1988). Xunzi: A Study and Translation of the Complete Works. Enriching the State, 3(2).
  • Komşu, U. C. (2011). Konfüçyüs ve Sokrates’in Eğitim Felsefelerinin Yetişkin Eğitimi Açısından Karşılaştırılması. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(4), 25-54.
  • Kuranovic, V. (2016). Confucianism importance in China international global business world. In Theoretical,methodological and practical foundations of human resources management.
  • List-Jensen, A. S. (2008). Economic Development and Authoritarianism: A Case Study on the Korean Developmental State. Development, Innovation and International Political Economy Research Series. Working Paper No.5. Denmark: Aalborg University,1-27.
  • Low, K. C., & Ang, S. L. (2013). Confucian Ethics, Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(4), 30-43.
  • Monteiro, A. R. (2014). Ethics of Human Rights. Springer, Cham. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-03566-6
  • Murata, S. (2005). Sufi Teachings in Neo-Confucian Islam. 3rd Annual Victor Danner Memorial Lecture.
  • Önder, M., & Ulaşan, F. (2016). The Impact of Public Administration on Economic Growth The Case of South Korea. International Journal of Leadership Education and Management Studies., 23-43.
  • Rainey, L. D. (2010). Confucius & Confucianism The Essentials. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Ramirez, L. F., & Rubio, J. E. (2008). Culture, Government and Development in South Korea. Asian Culture and History, 2(1), 71-81.
  • Rarick, C. (2008). Confucius on Management: Understanding Chinese Cultural Values and Managerial Practices. Journal of International Management, 2(2).
  • Rarick, C. A. (2007). Confucius on Management: Understanding Chinese Cultural –Values and Managerial Practices. Journal of International Management Studies, 22-28.
  • The Scholar as Gentleman. (2017). Exhibition room in the Asian Civilizations Museum Singapore description.
  • Tu, W. (2000). Implications of the Rise of “Confucian” East Asia. Daedalus, 129 (1), 195–218.
  • Tu, W.-m. (1989). Centrality and Commonality: An Essay on Confucian Religiousness. Albany: State University of New York Press.
  • Tu, W.-m. (1991). A Confucian Perspective on the Rise of Industrial East Asia. In S. Krieger, & R. Trauzettel (Eds.), Confucianism and the Modernization of China (pp. 29–41). Mainz: Hase and Koehler Verlang.
  • Yang, H. (1993). Confucius (K’ung Tzu) (551-479 bc). The quarterly review of comparative education (Paris, UNESCO: International Bureau of Education), vol. XXIII, no. 1/2, 211-19.
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Kamu Yönetimi
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Fatih Ulaşan 0000-0003-3301-4823

Yayımlanma Tarihi 11 Ağustos 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ulaşan, F. (2022). THE INFLUENCE OF CONFUCIANISM FOR PUBLIC ADMİNİSTRATİON IN EAST ASIA. Kamu Yönetimi Ve Politikaları Dergisi, 3(2), 29-40.

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