Öz
Zack Snyder’ın yönetmenliğini üstlendiği ve kendisinin kaynak materyale dayanmayan ilk filmi olma niteliğini haiz Sucker Punch (2011), vizyona girdiği günden itibaren tartışmaların odağı olmuştur. Tartışmaların merkezindeki iki ana grup şöyledir: Filmin feminist bir perspektifte kadının güçlendirilmesini temsil ettiğini söyleyenler ve bunun tam tersine yapımın mizojinik unsurlar içerdiğini iddia edenler. Kadın oyuncuların ana rolleri üstlendiği ve kurgusal düzlemde hikâyenin ağırlık merkezi oldukları mezkûr filmde, bilhassa kadınları hiper-seksüalize eden ve belirli cinsiyet kalıplarını yeniden üreten sahnelerin bulunması eleştirilerin temel dayanağı olmuştur. Bahis mevzuu eleştirilere yönelik savunmalar ise yapımda sorunlu addedilen noktaların esasen izleyicilerin bu sorunları içselleştirmiş olmasından kaynaklandığı ekseninde belirtilmiştir. Babydoll (Emily Browning) karakterinin düşük-fantazya evreninin bir genelev olması, kadınların burada tutsak olup salt erkek hazzını tatmine yönelik çalışmaları, cinsel şiddet tehdidinin daimî varlığı ve erkek kuvvetinin yenilmez görünümü, filmin eleştirel mercekle yaklaştığını iddia ettiği cinsiyet kalıplarını yeniden üreten hususların başında olarak ifade edilmiş, karşı argümanların geçersizliği vurgulanmıştır. İşbu tartışmalara odaklı yeni bir değerlendirmenin ise Laura Mulvey tarafından vurgulanan ufuk açıcı eril bakış kavramı ekseninde yapılması, daha isabetli bir tahlil ortaya koyabilecektir. Dolayısıyla filmdeki kadınların nesneleştirilmesine, seyircinin erkek özne kabul edilmesine, görsel anlatının erkek hazzına hitap etmesine, cinsiyet eşitsizliğini yeniden üreten görsel anlatıya ve benzeri sorunlara yönelik irdeleme, filmin eril bakış modeline dâhil bir yapım olup olmadığının neticesini gösterecektir. Nihayetinde buna göre, filmin, iddia edildiği üzere kadının güçlendirilmesine mi, yoksa aksi şekilde kadının nesneleştirilmesine mi kapı açtığına dair sarih fikirler edinilebilecektir. İşbu çalışma, eleştirel feminist sinema kuramı perspektifinden bir değerlendirme ile çeşitli tartışmaların odağı olan bu filme dair bir irdeleme yapmayı gaye edinmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 'Sucker Punch' a Feminist Perspective. (2011, 5 Nisan). The Bottom Line. https://thebottomline.as.ucsb.edu/2011/04/%E2%80%98sucker-punch%E2%80%99-a-feminist-perspective google scholar
- Ayres, T. (2011, 27 Mart). 'Sucker Punch' stars explain film title. Digitalspy. https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/ a311336/sucker-punch-stars-explain-film-title/ google scholar
- Bartyzel, M. (2011, 28 Mart). Girls on film: Faux feminism in 'Sucker Punch'. Moviefone. http://blog.moviefone. com/2011/03/28/faux-feminism-in-sucker-punch/ google scholar
- Büker, S. (2010). Feminist ve psikanalitik eleştiriye giriş. S. Büker, & Y. G. Topçu (Ed.), Sinema: Tarih-Kuram-Eleştiri (s. 205-210). Kırmızı Kedi Yayınevi. google scholar
- De Leuretis, T. (2021). Estetik ve feminist kuram: Kadınların sinemasını yeniden düşünmek (Ç. Üşümezgezer, Çev.). Galatasaray Üniversitesi İletişim Dergisi, 34, 115-135. google scholar
- Doane, M. A. (1999). Film and the maquerade: Theorising the female spectator. In S. Thornham (Ed.), Feminist film theory a reader (pp. 131-145). Edinburgh University Press. google scholar
- Doyle, S. (2011, 28 Mart). 'Sucker Punch' and the decline of strong woman action heroines. The Atlantic. https:// www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2011/03/sucker-punch-and-the-decline-of-strong-woman-action-heroines/73090/ google scholar
- Gilpatric, K. (2010). Violent female action characters in contemporary American cinema. SexRoles, 62(11), 734746. google scholar
- Hedren, K., Mistry, J., & Schuhmann, A. (2015). Women, use the gaze to change reality. In J. Mistry, & A. Schuhmann (Eds.), Gaze regimes: Film and feminisms in Africa (pp. 182-187). Wits University Press. google scholar
- Juba, S. (2007, 8 Mart). Interview: Zack Snyder: The Watchman of "300". The Trades. http://www.the-trades.com/ article.php?id=5288 google scholar
- Kamiloğlu, O. (2014). Laura Mulvey ile söyleşi. sinecine: Sinema Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(2), 103-112. google scholar
- Laman, D. (2022, 2 Şubat). The untold truth of Sucker Punch. Looper. https://www.looper.com/298129/the-untold-truth-of-sucker-punch/ google scholar
- McCulloch, J. (2011, 11 Nisan). Disreputable vision: Frank Miller's "The Spirit" and Zack Snyder's "Sucker Punch". MUBI. https://mubi.com/notebook/posts/disreputable-vision-frank-millers-the-spirit-and-zack-snyders-sucker-punch google scholar
- McGowan, T. (2003). Looking for the gaze: Lacanian film theory and its vicissitudes. Cinema Journal, 42(3), 27-47. google scholar
- Mulvey, L. (1989). Visual and other pleasures. Indiana University Press. google scholar
- Mulvey, L. (1993). Görsel haz ve anlatı sineması (N. Abisel, Çev.) 25. Kare, 3, 18-24. google scholar
- Murray, T. (2019). Studying feminist film theory. Liverpool University Press. google scholar
- Persall, S. (2011, 26 Mart). Who gets punched? Tampabay. https://www.tampabay.com/archive/2011/03/26/ who-gets-punched/ google scholar
- Ponterotto, D. (2016). Resisting the male gaze: Feminist responses to the "normatization" of the female body in western culture. Journal of International Women's Studies, 17(1), 133-151. google scholar
- Scott, A. O. (2011, 24 Mart). Well, here they are, wherever this may be. New York Times. https://www.nytimes. com/2011/03/25/movies/sucker-punch-from-zack-snyder-review.html google scholar
- Sharkey, B. (2011, 25 Mart). Movie review: 'Sucker Punch'. Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/2011/ mar/25/entertainment/la-et-sucker-punch-20110325 google scholar
- Smelik, A. M. (1999). Feminist film theory. In P. Cook, & M. Bernink (Eds.), The cinema book (pp. 353-365). British Film Institute Publishing. google scholar
- Snow, E. (1989). Theorizing the male gaze: Some problems. Representations, 25, 30-41. google scholar
- Snyder, Z. (Yönetmen). (2011). Sucker Punch [Film]. Warner Bros. Pictures, Legendary Pictures. google scholar
- Stewart, D. (2011, 25 Mart). Why Sucker Punch really, truly sucks. Jezebel. https://jezebel.com/why-sucker-punch-really-truly-sucks-5785767 Valley of the dolls: The faux feminism of 'Sucker Punch' turns women into fighting fuck toys. (2011, 31 Mart). The Opinioness. https://opinionessoftheworld.com/2011/03/31/faux-feminism-of-sucker-punch-turns-women-into-fighting-fuck-toys/ google scholar
- White, M. (2017). Gaze. In L. Quellette, & J. Gray (Eds.), Keywords for media studies (pp. 75-77). NYU Press. google scholar
- Wigler, J. (2011, 25 Mart). The 'Sucker Punch' soundtrack: Zack Snyder explaines the music behind movie. MTV. google scholar
Öz
Sucker Punch (2011), directed by Zack Snyder and his first film not based on source material, has been the center of controversy since its release. The two main groups at the center of the debate are as follows: One group says the film represents women’s empowerment from a feminist perspective, and the other group claims on the contrary that the production contains misogynistic elements. Female actors play the main roles in this film and are the focus of the story on the fictional level. The main basis of criticism has been the presence of scenes that hyper-sexualize women and reproduce certain gender stereotypes. The defenses against these criticisms have been stated on the basis that the points considered problematic in the production were mainly due to viewers who’d internalized these problems. Among the issues that reproduce the gender stereotypes the film claims to approach with a critical lens are a brothel making up the low-fantasy universe of Babydoll’s (Emily Browning) character, the women there being enslaved and working solely to satisfy male pleasure, the constant threat of sexual violence, and the invincible appearance of male power and the film emphasizes the invalidity of the counterarguments. A new evaluation focusing on these debates in the context of the seminal concept of the male gaze as emphasized by Laura Mulvey would provide a more accurate analysis. Therefore, an examination of the objectification of women in the film, the acceptance of the audience as a male subject, and the visual narrative’s appeal to male pleasure and to the reproduction of gender inequality, as well as other similar issues, will reveal whether the film was produced within the model of the male gaze. Ultimately, this will provide a clearer idea of whether the film opens the door to female empowerment as claimed or conversely to the objectification of women. This study aims to analyze this film that has been the focus of various debates through an evaluation from the perspective of critical feminist film theory.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 'Sucker Punch' a Feminist Perspective. (2011, 5 Nisan). The Bottom Line. https://thebottomline.as.ucsb.edu/2011/04/%E2%80%98sucker-punch%E2%80%99-a-feminist-perspective google scholar
- Ayres, T. (2011, 27 Mart). 'Sucker Punch' stars explain film title. Digitalspy. https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/ a311336/sucker-punch-stars-explain-film-title/ google scholar
- Bartyzel, M. (2011, 28 Mart). Girls on film: Faux feminism in 'Sucker Punch'. Moviefone. http://blog.moviefone. com/2011/03/28/faux-feminism-in-sucker-punch/ google scholar
- Büker, S. (2010). Feminist ve psikanalitik eleştiriye giriş. S. Büker, & Y. G. Topçu (Ed.), Sinema: Tarih-Kuram-Eleştiri (s. 205-210). Kırmızı Kedi Yayınevi. google scholar
- De Leuretis, T. (2021). Estetik ve feminist kuram: Kadınların sinemasını yeniden düşünmek (Ç. Üşümezgezer, Çev.). Galatasaray Üniversitesi İletişim Dergisi, 34, 115-135. google scholar
- Doane, M. A. (1999). Film and the maquerade: Theorising the female spectator. In S. Thornham (Ed.), Feminist film theory a reader (pp. 131-145). Edinburgh University Press. google scholar
- Doyle, S. (2011, 28 Mart). 'Sucker Punch' and the decline of strong woman action heroines. The Atlantic. https:// www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2011/03/sucker-punch-and-the-decline-of-strong-woman-action-heroines/73090/ google scholar
- Gilpatric, K. (2010). Violent female action characters in contemporary American cinema. SexRoles, 62(11), 734746. google scholar
- Hedren, K., Mistry, J., & Schuhmann, A. (2015). Women, use the gaze to change reality. In J. Mistry, & A. Schuhmann (Eds.), Gaze regimes: Film and feminisms in Africa (pp. 182-187). Wits University Press. google scholar
- Juba, S. (2007, 8 Mart). Interview: Zack Snyder: The Watchman of "300". The Trades. http://www.the-trades.com/ article.php?id=5288 google scholar
- Kamiloğlu, O. (2014). Laura Mulvey ile söyleşi. sinecine: Sinema Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(2), 103-112. google scholar
- Laman, D. (2022, 2 Şubat). The untold truth of Sucker Punch. Looper. https://www.looper.com/298129/the-untold-truth-of-sucker-punch/ google scholar
- McCulloch, J. (2011, 11 Nisan). Disreputable vision: Frank Miller's "The Spirit" and Zack Snyder's "Sucker Punch". MUBI. https://mubi.com/notebook/posts/disreputable-vision-frank-millers-the-spirit-and-zack-snyders-sucker-punch google scholar
- McGowan, T. (2003). Looking for the gaze: Lacanian film theory and its vicissitudes. Cinema Journal, 42(3), 27-47. google scholar
- Mulvey, L. (1989). Visual and other pleasures. Indiana University Press. google scholar
- Mulvey, L. (1993). Görsel haz ve anlatı sineması (N. Abisel, Çev.) 25. Kare, 3, 18-24. google scholar
- Murray, T. (2019). Studying feminist film theory. Liverpool University Press. google scholar
- Persall, S. (2011, 26 Mart). Who gets punched? Tampabay. https://www.tampabay.com/archive/2011/03/26/ who-gets-punched/ google scholar
- Ponterotto, D. (2016). Resisting the male gaze: Feminist responses to the "normatization" of the female body in western culture. Journal of International Women's Studies, 17(1), 133-151. google scholar
- Scott, A. O. (2011, 24 Mart). Well, here they are, wherever this may be. New York Times. https://www.nytimes. com/2011/03/25/movies/sucker-punch-from-zack-snyder-review.html google scholar
- Sharkey, B. (2011, 25 Mart). Movie review: 'Sucker Punch'. Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/2011/ mar/25/entertainment/la-et-sucker-punch-20110325 google scholar
- Smelik, A. M. (1999). Feminist film theory. In P. Cook, & M. Bernink (Eds.), The cinema book (pp. 353-365). British Film Institute Publishing. google scholar
- Snow, E. (1989). Theorizing the male gaze: Some problems. Representations, 25, 30-41. google scholar
- Snyder, Z. (Yönetmen). (2011). Sucker Punch [Film]. Warner Bros. Pictures, Legendary Pictures. google scholar
- Stewart, D. (2011, 25 Mart). Why Sucker Punch really, truly sucks. Jezebel. https://jezebel.com/why-sucker-punch-really-truly-sucks-5785767 Valley of the dolls: The faux feminism of 'Sucker Punch' turns women into fighting fuck toys. (2011, 31 Mart). The Opinioness. https://opinionessoftheworld.com/2011/03/31/faux-feminism-of-sucker-punch-turns-women-into-fighting-fuck-toys/ google scholar
- White, M. (2017). Gaze. In L. Quellette, & J. Gray (Eds.), Keywords for media studies (pp. 75-77). NYU Press. google scholar
- Wigler, J. (2011, 25 Mart). The 'Sucker Punch' soundtrack: Zack Snyder explaines the music behind movie. MTV. google scholar
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Ekran Medyası |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 10 Temmuz 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Sayı: 1 |
