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Tanzimat Dönemi Osmanlı Adalet Düşüncesi ve Geçiş Dönemi Adaleti: Karşılaştırmalı Bir İnceleme

Year 2019, Volume: 10 Issue: 23, 393 - 421, 15.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.35415/sirnakifd.610131

Abstract

Siyaset
felsefesi tartışmalarından biri de Geçiş Dönemi Adaleti’ne tarihsel
perspektiften bakışla ilgilidir. Bu tartışma tarihsel perspektifle elde
edilecek verilerin Geçiş Dönemi Adaleti uygulamalarında işe yarayıp yaramadığı
noktasında odaklanmaktadır. Diğer bir tartışma konusu Geçiş Dönemi Adaleti ile
ilgili değerlendirmelerde sadece yakın zamanda meydana gelen olayların ve
reformların dikkate alınması ve tarihten örneklere çok sık müracaat edilmemesi
ile ilgilidir. Bu çalışmada ABD’nin Yeniden Yapılanma Çağı’nda ve Osmanlı’nın
Tanzimat Dönemi’nde gerçekleştirilen reformlar Geçiş Dönemi Adaleti açısından
incelenmektedir. Makalede, her iki zaman dilimininde gerçekleşen reformları
örnek iki vaka olarak alınmakta ve Geçiş Dönemi Adaletine tarihsel perspektifle
bakışın imkânı sorgulanmaktadır. Çalışma, esas alınan süreçteki yasal
düzenlemeler ve yapısal reformlarla sınırlandırılmaktadır. İnceleme sonucunda
her iki sürecin başarısızlıkla sonuçlandığı görülmektedir. Buna rağmen her iki
dönemde atılan adaletle ilgili adımların ve reformların gelecekteki birçok
anayasal ve yasal reformun zeminini teşkil ettiğini de söylemek mümkündür.
Ayrıca bu iki örnek geçiş dönemi adaleti incelemelerinde tarihsel perspektifin
önemini ortaya koymaktadır.

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

2219

References

  • Abu-Manneh, Butrus. “The Islamic Roots of the Gülhane Rescript”. Die Welt des Islams 34/2 (1994): 173-203. https://doi.org/10.2307/1570929.
  • Agmon, Iris. “Social Biography of a Late Ottoman Shari’a Judge”. New Perspectives on Turkey 30 (ed 2004): 83-113. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0896634600003927.
  • Akça, Gürsoy - Hülür, Himmet. “Tanzimattan Cumhuriyete Siyasal ve Hukuksal Yapının Modernleşmesi”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi. 21 (2007): 235-269.
  • Akiba, Jun. “Kadılık Teşkilatında Tanzimat’ın Uygulanması: 1840 Tarihli Ta’limname-i Hükkam”. Osmanlı Araştırmaları 29/29 (2007).
  • Akyıldız, Ali. Osmanlı Bürokrasisi ve Modernleşme. İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 2004.
  • Akyıldız, Ali. “Tanzimat”. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi. 40: 1-10. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 2011.
  • Aoláin, Fionnuala Ní - Campbell, Colm. “The Paradox of Transition in Conflicted Democracies”. Human Rights Quarterly. 2005. 172-213.
  • Aydın, M. A. (2010). Türk Hukuk Tarihi. İstanbul: Beta, 2010.
  • Aydın, M. Akif. “Kanunnameler ve Osmanlı Hukuku’nun İşleyişindeki Yeri”. Osmanlı Araştırmaları 24/24 (2004).
  • Baer, Gabriel. “The Transition from Traditional to Western Criminal Law in Turkey and Egypt”. Studia Islamica 45 (1977): 139-158.
  • Bales, Kevin. Buying Freedom: the Ethics and Economics of Slave Redemption. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2007.
  • Barreyre, Nicolas. “The Politics of Economic Crises: The Panic of 1873, the End of Reconstruction, and the Realignment of American Politics”. The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 10/4 (2011): 403-423.
  • Bedir, Murteza. “Fikih to Law: Secularization Through Curriculum”. Islamic Law and Society 11/3 (2004): 378-401.
  • Berkes, Niyazi. The Development of Secularism in Turkey. Montreal [Québec]: McGill-Queen’s Press-MQUP, 1964.
  • Burton, Orville Vernon. The Age of Lincoln: A History. Hill and Wang, 2008.
  • Castel, Albert E. “Andrew Johnson”. The Presidents: A Reference History. Ed. Henry Franklin Graff. 7. Bs. 225-239. New York-USA: Charles Scribner’s Sons : Thomson/Gale, 2002.
  • Cimbala, Paul Alan - Miller, Randall M. The Freedmen’s Bureau and Reconstruction: Reconsiderations. Fordham Univ Press, 1999.
  • Collins, Cath. Post-transitional Justice: Human Rights Trials in Chile and El Salvador. Penn State Press, 2010.
  • Downs, Jim. Sick from Freedom: African-American İllness and Suffering During the Civil War and Reconstruction. New York-USA: Oxford University Press, 2012.
  • Duthie, Roger. “Transitional Justice and Displacement”. International Journal of Transitional Justice 5/2 (2011): 241-261.
  • Ekinci, Ekrem Buğra. “Tanzimat Devri Osmanlı Mahkemeleri”. Yeni Türkiye 31 (2000): 764-773.
  • Elster, Jon. Closing the Books: Transitional Justice in Historical Perspective. Cambridge U. K.: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
  • Ergene, Bogaç A. “On Ottoman Justice: Interpretations in Conflict (1600-1800)”. Islamic Law and Society 8/1 (2001): 52-87.
  • Ertaş, Kasım. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda Diyarbakır Ermenileri. İstanbul: Rağbet, 2015.
  • Farmer-Kaiser, Mary. Freedwomen and the Freedmen’s Bureau: Race, Gender, and Public Policy in the Age of Emancipation. New York-USA: Fordham Univ Press, 2010.
  • Feyzioğlu, Hamiyet Sezer - Kılıç, Selda. “Tanzimat Arifesinde Kadılık-Naiplik Kurumu”. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Tarih Bölümü Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi 24/38 (2005): 31-53.
  • Fitzgerald, Michael W. Splendid Failure: Postwar Reconstruction in the American South. Ivan R Dee, 2007.
  • Fleischman, Richard - Tyson, Thomas - Oldroyd, David. “The US Freedmen’s Bureau in post-Civil War reconstruction”. Accounting Historians Journal 41/2 (2014): 75-109.
  • Fleming, Walter Lynwood. Documentary History of Reconstruction, Political, Military, Social, Religious, Educational & Industrial, 1865 to the Present Time. Cleveland, Ohio: AH Clark Company, 1907.
  • Foner, Eric. Free Labor, Free Soil, Free Men: The Ideology of the Republican Party Before the Civil War. New York: Oxford University Press, 1970.
  • Gencer, Bedri. “Son Osmanlı Düşüncesinde Adalet”. Muhafazakâr Düşünce Dergisi. 15 (2008): 123-147.
  • Gülener, Serdar. “Çatışmacı Bir Geçmişten Uzlaşmacı Bir Geleceğe Geçişte Adalet Arayışı: Geçiş Dönemi Adaleti ve Mekanizmalarına Genel Bir Bakış”. Uluslararası Hukuk ve Politika 8/32 (2012): 43-76.
  • Gülsoy, Ufuk. “Islahat Fermanı”. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi. 19: 185-190. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 1999.
  • Gümüş, Musa. “Anayasal Meşrûtî Yönetime Medhal: 1856 Islahat Fermanı’nın Tam Metin İncelemesi”. Türk Dünyası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 47 (2008): 215-240.
  • Gürsakal, Gürsu Galip. “Osmanlı ve Büyük Güçlerin Askeri Harcamalarına Karşılaştırmalı Bir Bakış (1840-1900)”. Gazi Akademik Bakış 4/7 (2010): 115-131.
  • Hamadeh, Shirine. “Ottoman Expressions of Early Modernity and the ‘İnevitable’ Question of Westernization”. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 63/1 (2004): 32-51.
  • Hanioğlu, M. Şükrü. A Brief History of the Late Ottoman Empire. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2010.
  • Hansen, Thomas Obel. “Transitional Justice: Toward a Differentiated Theory”. Or. Rev. Int’l L. 13 (2011): 1.
  • Harrison, Robert. “New Representations of a ‘Misrepresented Bureau’: Reflections on Recent Scholarship on the Freedmen’s Bureau”. American Nineteenth Century History 8/2 (2007): 205-229.
  • Kolchin, Peter. “Scalawags, Carpetbaggers, and Reconstruction: A Quantitative Look at Southern Congressional Politics, 1868-1872”. The Journal of Southern History 45/1 (1979): 63-76.
  • Lewis, Bernard. The Emergence of Modern Turkey. London: Oxford University Press, 1965.
  • Lieberman, Robert C. “The Freedmen’s Bureau and the Politics of İnstitutional Structure”. Social Science History 18/3 (1994): 405-437.
  • MacDonald, William. Select Charters and Other Documents Illustrative of American History, 1606-1775. Macmillan, 1910.
  • Mardin, Şerif. Religion, Society and Modernity in Turkey. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 2006.
  • Masur, Louis P. Lincoln’s Hundred Days: The Emancipation Proclamation and the War for the Union. Harvard University Press, 2012.
  • McAdams, A. James. “Transitional Justice: The Issue That Won’t Go Away”. International Journal of Transitional Justice 5/2 (2011): 304-312.
  • Nadolski, Dora Glidewell. “Ottoman and Secular Civil Law”. International Journal of Middle East Studies 8/4 (1977): 517-543.
  • Oliver, Melvin - Shapiro, Thomas. Black Wealth/White Wealth: A New Perspective on Racial İnequality. Routledge, 2013.
  • Ortaylı, İlber. İmparatorluḡun En Uzun Yüzyılı. İstanbul: Timaş Yayınları, 2008.
  • Pablo De Griff. “‘Theorising Transitional Justice’”. Transitional Justice. Ed. Elster J, Nagy R, Williams M. NewYork: NYU Press, 2012.
  • Pearson, Reggie L. “‘There Are Many Sick, Feeble, and Suffering Freedmen’: The Freedmen’s Bureau’s Health-Care Activities during Reconstruction in North Carolina, 1865-1868”. The North Carolina Historical Review 79/2 (2002): 141-181.
  • Perman, Michael. The Road to Redemption: Southern Politics, 1869-1879. Univ of North Carolina Press, 1985.
  • Ranney, Joseph A. In the Wake of Slavery: Civil War, Civil Rights, and the Reconstruction of Southern Law. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2006.
  • Rodriguez, Junius P. Slavery in the United States: A Social, Political, and Historical Encyclopedia. Abc-clio, 2007.
  • Salzman, Lawrence. “Civil Rights Act of 1866”. Encyclopedia of American Civil Liberties. Ed. Paul Finkelman. 1. CRC Press, 2006.
  • Shaw, Stanford J. - Shaw, Ezel Kural. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey: Volume 2, Reform, Revolution, and Republic: The Rise of Modern Turkey 1808-1975. Cambridge U. K.: Cambridge University Press, 1977.
  • Striner, Richard. Father Abraham: Lincoln’s Relentless Struggle to End Slavery. Oxford University Press, 2007.
  • Şentop, Mustafa. “Tanzimat Dönemi Kanunlaştırma Faaliyetleri Literatürü”. Türkiye Araştırmaları Literatür Dergisi 3/5 (2005): 647-672.
  • Tahiroğlu, Bülent. “Tanzimat’tan Sonra Kanunlaştırma Hareketleri”. Tanzimat’tan Cumhuriyet’e Türkiye Ansiklopedisi 3 (1985).
  • Tanör, Bülent. “Anayasal Gelişmelere Toplu Bir Bakış”. Tanzimat’tan Cumhuriyet’e Türkiye Ansiklopedisi 1 (1985): 1789-1980.
  • Teitel, Ruti G. Transitional Justice. Oxford University Press, 2000.
  • Toprak, Zafer. “From Plurality to Unity: Codification and Jurisprudence in the Late Ottoman Empire”. Ways to Modernity in Greece and Turkey: Encounters With Europe, 1850-1950. 2007.
  • Vapnek, Lara. The Politics of Women’s Work in the United States, 1865-1909. Columbia University, 2000.
  • Webber, Jeremy. “Forms of Transitional Justice”. Nomos 51 (2012): 98-128.
  • Zavodnyik, Peter. The Rise of the Federal Colossus: The Growth of Federal Power from Lincoln to FDR: The Growth of Federal Power from Lincoln to FDR. ABC-CLIO, 2011.

Ottoman Justice Thought in Tanzimat Period and Transitional Justice: A Comparative Analysis

Year 2019, Volume: 10 Issue: 23, 393 - 421, 15.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.35415/sirnakifd.610131

Abstract

One
of the debates about contemporary political philosophy is related to historical
perspective upon the Transitional Justice. This debate focuses on the
probability of historical perspective will work in the Transitional Justice
practices. In addition to this, in the evaluations concerning Transitional Justice,
recently happened events and implemented reforms are taken into account and
historical examples are not frequently referred. In the present work, by
starting from this thesis, we will scrutinize the reforms made in American
Reconstruction and Ottoman Tanzimat eras in terms of transitional justice. By
taking both eras into consideration as two cases, we sought to question the
possibility of historical perspective in the work. The work is limited to the
legal arrangements and structural reforms in the considered eras. In the
conclusion of the work, it is seen that the legal and structural reforms in
both eras, which had the characteristics of transitional period, failed. In
spite of this, it is probable to say that the taken steps related to justice formed
the basis of many constitutional and legal reforms in the future. Additionally,
these two cases demonstrate the significance of historical perspective in the
studies of transitional justice.       

Project Number

2219

References

  • Abu-Manneh, Butrus. “The Islamic Roots of the Gülhane Rescript”. Die Welt des Islams 34/2 (1994): 173-203. https://doi.org/10.2307/1570929.
  • Agmon, Iris. “Social Biography of a Late Ottoman Shari’a Judge”. New Perspectives on Turkey 30 (ed 2004): 83-113. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0896634600003927.
  • Akça, Gürsoy - Hülür, Himmet. “Tanzimattan Cumhuriyete Siyasal ve Hukuksal Yapının Modernleşmesi”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi. 21 (2007): 235-269.
  • Akiba, Jun. “Kadılık Teşkilatında Tanzimat’ın Uygulanması: 1840 Tarihli Ta’limname-i Hükkam”. Osmanlı Araştırmaları 29/29 (2007).
  • Akyıldız, Ali. Osmanlı Bürokrasisi ve Modernleşme. İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 2004.
  • Akyıldız, Ali. “Tanzimat”. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi. 40: 1-10. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 2011.
  • Aoláin, Fionnuala Ní - Campbell, Colm. “The Paradox of Transition in Conflicted Democracies”. Human Rights Quarterly. 2005. 172-213.
  • Aydın, M. A. (2010). Türk Hukuk Tarihi. İstanbul: Beta, 2010.
  • Aydın, M. Akif. “Kanunnameler ve Osmanlı Hukuku’nun İşleyişindeki Yeri”. Osmanlı Araştırmaları 24/24 (2004).
  • Baer, Gabriel. “The Transition from Traditional to Western Criminal Law in Turkey and Egypt”. Studia Islamica 45 (1977): 139-158.
  • Bales, Kevin. Buying Freedom: the Ethics and Economics of Slave Redemption. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2007.
  • Barreyre, Nicolas. “The Politics of Economic Crises: The Panic of 1873, the End of Reconstruction, and the Realignment of American Politics”. The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 10/4 (2011): 403-423.
  • Bedir, Murteza. “Fikih to Law: Secularization Through Curriculum”. Islamic Law and Society 11/3 (2004): 378-401.
  • Berkes, Niyazi. The Development of Secularism in Turkey. Montreal [Québec]: McGill-Queen’s Press-MQUP, 1964.
  • Burton, Orville Vernon. The Age of Lincoln: A History. Hill and Wang, 2008.
  • Castel, Albert E. “Andrew Johnson”. The Presidents: A Reference History. Ed. Henry Franklin Graff. 7. Bs. 225-239. New York-USA: Charles Scribner’s Sons : Thomson/Gale, 2002.
  • Cimbala, Paul Alan - Miller, Randall M. The Freedmen’s Bureau and Reconstruction: Reconsiderations. Fordham Univ Press, 1999.
  • Collins, Cath. Post-transitional Justice: Human Rights Trials in Chile and El Salvador. Penn State Press, 2010.
  • Downs, Jim. Sick from Freedom: African-American İllness and Suffering During the Civil War and Reconstruction. New York-USA: Oxford University Press, 2012.
  • Duthie, Roger. “Transitional Justice and Displacement”. International Journal of Transitional Justice 5/2 (2011): 241-261.
  • Ekinci, Ekrem Buğra. “Tanzimat Devri Osmanlı Mahkemeleri”. Yeni Türkiye 31 (2000): 764-773.
  • Elster, Jon. Closing the Books: Transitional Justice in Historical Perspective. Cambridge U. K.: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
  • Ergene, Bogaç A. “On Ottoman Justice: Interpretations in Conflict (1600-1800)”. Islamic Law and Society 8/1 (2001): 52-87.
  • Ertaş, Kasım. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda Diyarbakır Ermenileri. İstanbul: Rağbet, 2015.
  • Farmer-Kaiser, Mary. Freedwomen and the Freedmen’s Bureau: Race, Gender, and Public Policy in the Age of Emancipation. New York-USA: Fordham Univ Press, 2010.
  • Feyzioğlu, Hamiyet Sezer - Kılıç, Selda. “Tanzimat Arifesinde Kadılık-Naiplik Kurumu”. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Tarih Bölümü Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi 24/38 (2005): 31-53.
  • Fitzgerald, Michael W. Splendid Failure: Postwar Reconstruction in the American South. Ivan R Dee, 2007.
  • Fleischman, Richard - Tyson, Thomas - Oldroyd, David. “The US Freedmen’s Bureau in post-Civil War reconstruction”. Accounting Historians Journal 41/2 (2014): 75-109.
  • Fleming, Walter Lynwood. Documentary History of Reconstruction, Political, Military, Social, Religious, Educational & Industrial, 1865 to the Present Time. Cleveland, Ohio: AH Clark Company, 1907.
  • Foner, Eric. Free Labor, Free Soil, Free Men: The Ideology of the Republican Party Before the Civil War. New York: Oxford University Press, 1970.
  • Gencer, Bedri. “Son Osmanlı Düşüncesinde Adalet”. Muhafazakâr Düşünce Dergisi. 15 (2008): 123-147.
  • Gülener, Serdar. “Çatışmacı Bir Geçmişten Uzlaşmacı Bir Geleceğe Geçişte Adalet Arayışı: Geçiş Dönemi Adaleti ve Mekanizmalarına Genel Bir Bakış”. Uluslararası Hukuk ve Politika 8/32 (2012): 43-76.
  • Gülsoy, Ufuk. “Islahat Fermanı”. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi. 19: 185-190. İstanbul: TDV Yayınları, 1999.
  • Gümüş, Musa. “Anayasal Meşrûtî Yönetime Medhal: 1856 Islahat Fermanı’nın Tam Metin İncelemesi”. Türk Dünyası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 47 (2008): 215-240.
  • Gürsakal, Gürsu Galip. “Osmanlı ve Büyük Güçlerin Askeri Harcamalarına Karşılaştırmalı Bir Bakış (1840-1900)”. Gazi Akademik Bakış 4/7 (2010): 115-131.
  • Hamadeh, Shirine. “Ottoman Expressions of Early Modernity and the ‘İnevitable’ Question of Westernization”. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 63/1 (2004): 32-51.
  • Hanioğlu, M. Şükrü. A Brief History of the Late Ottoman Empire. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2010.
  • Hansen, Thomas Obel. “Transitional Justice: Toward a Differentiated Theory”. Or. Rev. Int’l L. 13 (2011): 1.
  • Harrison, Robert. “New Representations of a ‘Misrepresented Bureau’: Reflections on Recent Scholarship on the Freedmen’s Bureau”. American Nineteenth Century History 8/2 (2007): 205-229.
  • Kolchin, Peter. “Scalawags, Carpetbaggers, and Reconstruction: A Quantitative Look at Southern Congressional Politics, 1868-1872”. The Journal of Southern History 45/1 (1979): 63-76.
  • Lewis, Bernard. The Emergence of Modern Turkey. London: Oxford University Press, 1965.
  • Lieberman, Robert C. “The Freedmen’s Bureau and the Politics of İnstitutional Structure”. Social Science History 18/3 (1994): 405-437.
  • MacDonald, William. Select Charters and Other Documents Illustrative of American History, 1606-1775. Macmillan, 1910.
  • Mardin, Şerif. Religion, Society and Modernity in Turkey. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 2006.
  • Masur, Louis P. Lincoln’s Hundred Days: The Emancipation Proclamation and the War for the Union. Harvard University Press, 2012.
  • McAdams, A. James. “Transitional Justice: The Issue That Won’t Go Away”. International Journal of Transitional Justice 5/2 (2011): 304-312.
  • Nadolski, Dora Glidewell. “Ottoman and Secular Civil Law”. International Journal of Middle East Studies 8/4 (1977): 517-543.
  • Oliver, Melvin - Shapiro, Thomas. Black Wealth/White Wealth: A New Perspective on Racial İnequality. Routledge, 2013.
  • Ortaylı, İlber. İmparatorluḡun En Uzun Yüzyılı. İstanbul: Timaş Yayınları, 2008.
  • Pablo De Griff. “‘Theorising Transitional Justice’”. Transitional Justice. Ed. Elster J, Nagy R, Williams M. NewYork: NYU Press, 2012.
  • Pearson, Reggie L. “‘There Are Many Sick, Feeble, and Suffering Freedmen’: The Freedmen’s Bureau’s Health-Care Activities during Reconstruction in North Carolina, 1865-1868”. The North Carolina Historical Review 79/2 (2002): 141-181.
  • Perman, Michael. The Road to Redemption: Southern Politics, 1869-1879. Univ of North Carolina Press, 1985.
  • Ranney, Joseph A. In the Wake of Slavery: Civil War, Civil Rights, and the Reconstruction of Southern Law. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2006.
  • Rodriguez, Junius P. Slavery in the United States: A Social, Political, and Historical Encyclopedia. Abc-clio, 2007.
  • Salzman, Lawrence. “Civil Rights Act of 1866”. Encyclopedia of American Civil Liberties. Ed. Paul Finkelman. 1. CRC Press, 2006.
  • Shaw, Stanford J. - Shaw, Ezel Kural. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey: Volume 2, Reform, Revolution, and Republic: The Rise of Modern Turkey 1808-1975. Cambridge U. K.: Cambridge University Press, 1977.
  • Striner, Richard. Father Abraham: Lincoln’s Relentless Struggle to End Slavery. Oxford University Press, 2007.
  • Şentop, Mustafa. “Tanzimat Dönemi Kanunlaştırma Faaliyetleri Literatürü”. Türkiye Araştırmaları Literatür Dergisi 3/5 (2005): 647-672.
  • Tahiroğlu, Bülent. “Tanzimat’tan Sonra Kanunlaştırma Hareketleri”. Tanzimat’tan Cumhuriyet’e Türkiye Ansiklopedisi 3 (1985).
  • Tanör, Bülent. “Anayasal Gelişmelere Toplu Bir Bakış”. Tanzimat’tan Cumhuriyet’e Türkiye Ansiklopedisi 1 (1985): 1789-1980.
  • Teitel, Ruti G. Transitional Justice. Oxford University Press, 2000.
  • Toprak, Zafer. “From Plurality to Unity: Codification and Jurisprudence in the Late Ottoman Empire”. Ways to Modernity in Greece and Turkey: Encounters With Europe, 1850-1950. 2007.
  • Vapnek, Lara. The Politics of Women’s Work in the United States, 1865-1909. Columbia University, 2000.
  • Webber, Jeremy. “Forms of Transitional Justice”. Nomos 51 (2012): 98-128.
  • Zavodnyik, Peter. The Rise of the Federal Colossus: The Growth of Federal Power from Lincoln to FDR: The Growth of Federal Power from Lincoln to FDR. ABC-CLIO, 2011.
There are 65 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Religious Studies
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLES
Authors

Yunus Kaplan 0000-0002-7751-2309

Project Number 2219
Publication Date December 15, 2019
Submission Date August 23, 2019
Acceptance Date November 9, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 10 Issue: 23

Cite

ISNAD Kaplan, Yunus. “Ottoman Justice Thought in Tanzimat Period and Transitional Justice: A Comparative Analysis”. Şırnak Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 10/23 (December 2019), 393-421. https://doi.org/10.35415/sirnakifd.610131.

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