Research Article
Year 2022,
Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 147 - 172, 15.01.2023
Abstract
Britanya ve İrlanda’nın Hıristiyanlaşma sürecinde Kelt Hıristiyanlığının Orta Çağ Hıristiyan misyonuna katkısı büyük önem arz etmektedir. Özellikle altıncı yüzyılda Kelt misyoner keşişleri gruplar halinde yola çıkmışlar ve Avrupa’yı dolaşarak dikkat çekici bir misyonerlik hareketi gerçekleştirmişlerdir. Kelt misyonerler gittikleri bölgelerde sadece Hıristiyan olmayanları değil, aynı zamanda Hıristiyan olup yozlaşmış kabul ettikleri kişileri de kapsayan bir misyon anlayışını benimsemişlerdir. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle Britanya ve Batı Avrupa’ya Hıristiyanlığın girişi ve bu bölgelerin yedinci yüzyıla kadar geçirdikleri dinî ve siyasî süreç ele alınmıştır. Ardından Kelt misyonerlerin, Mesih’in mesajı iletmek için çıktıkları yolculukları tanımlayan peregrinatio anlayışından bahsedilmiştir. Bu hareket temelde, Kelt misyonerliğinin üç önemli temsilcisi konumunda olan Aziz Columba (520-597), Aziz Aidan (590-651) ve Aziz Columbanus (543-615) üzerinden incelenmiştir. Bahsi geçen isimlerin, misyonerlik faaliyetlerini yürütürken izledikleri yol, kullandıkları materyaller, karşılaştıkları problemler ve misyon hedefi doğrultusunda uyguladıkları yöntemlerin ortak yönleri ve farklılıkları üzerinde durulmuştur.
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- Chadwick, Nora Kershaw. The Age of the Saints in the Early Celtic Church. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1961.
- Clarkson, T. J. The Picts: A History. Edinburgh: Birlinn Ltd, 2016.
- Claussen, M. A. “‘Peregrinatio’ and ‘Peregrini’ In Augustine’s ‘City of God’”. Traditio 46 (1991): 33-75.
- Collingwood, Robin George & John Nowell Linton Myres. Roman Britain and the English Settlements. New York: Biblo & Tannen Publishers, 1936.
- Corning, C. The Celtic and Roman Traditions: Conflict and Consensus in the Early Medieval Church. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
- Duckett, Eleanor Shipley. The Wandering Saints of the Early Middle Ages. New York: Norton, 1964.
- Dunn, Marilyn. The Emergence of Monasticism: From the Desert Fathers to the Early Middle Ages. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2003.
- Eusebius Caesariensis. “De vita Imperatoris Constantini”. Patrologia Latina, ed. Jacques Paul Migne, Paris: J. P. Migne, 1862.
- Evans, John. “S. Germanus in Britain”. Archaeologia Cantiana 80 (1965): 175-185.
- Ferguson, John. Pelagius: A Historical and Theological Study. New York: AMS Press, 1978.
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- Metlake, George. The Life and Writings of Saint Columban, 542?-615. Philadelphia: The Dolphin Press, 1914.
- Mommsen, Theodor. Chronica minora saec. Berolini: APDV Weidmannos, 1892.
- Monumenta Germaniae historica inde ab anno Christi quingentesimo usque ad annum millesimum et quingentesimum. Scriptorum rerum Merovingicarum. Hannoverae: Impenses Bibliopolii Hahniani, 1885.
- Morey, William Carey. Outlines of Roman Law Comprising Its Historical Growth and General Principles. New York & Londra: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1884.
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- O’Mara, Róisín. In Search of Irish Saints: The Peregrinatio pro Christo. Blackrock, Co. Dublin : Four Courts Press, 1994.
- Philip Schaff (ed.). Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers 2: Socrates and Sozomenus Ecclesiastical Histories, Edinburgh: T&T Clarke, 1994.
- Piggott, Stuart. The Druids. New York: Praeger, 1968.
- Richter, Michael. Ireland and Her Neighbours in the Seventh Century. Dublin: Four Courts Press, 1999.
- Ritchie, Anna. Picts: An Introduction to the Life of the Picts and the Carved Stones in the Care of the Secretary of State for Scotland. Edinburgh: H.M.S.O., 1989.
- Rosemary Guiley. The Encyclopedia of Saints. New York: Facts on File, 2001.
- Schaff, Philip. History of the Christian Church, Nicene and Post-Nicene Christianity, A.D. 311-600. Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc., 1997.
- Sherrow, Victoria. Encyclopedia of Hair: A Cultural History. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2006.
- Simms, George Otto. Exploring The Book of Kells. Dublin: O’Brien Press, 1988.
- Thomas O ‘Loughlin. “Penitential Books”. Encyclopedia of Monasticism, Londra: Routledge, 2000, 319-320.
- Ward, Benedicta. The Venerable Bede. Harrisburg, PA: Morehouse Pub., 1990.
- Workman, Herbert B. The Evolution of the Monastic Ideal. Londra: Charles H. Kelly, 1913.
- Zimmer, Heinrich. The Celtic Church in Britain and Ireland. Çev. A. Meyer, Londra: David Nutt, 1902.
Year 2022,
Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 147 - 172, 15.01.2023
Abstract
Celtic Christianity significantly contributed to the medieval Christian mission in the Christianization of Britain and Ireland. The Celtic missionary monks, particularly in the sixth century, set out in groups, traveled across Europe, and carried out the most remarkable missionary movement. The Celtic missionaries employed preaching methods that included non-Christians as well as Christians whom they saw as corrupted. This study examines the introduction of Christianity to Britain and Western Europe, as well as the religious and political developments that occurred in these regions until the seventh century. It also discusses the concept of peregrinatio, which describes the journeys of Celtic missionaries to spread the message of Christ. It analyzes this movement through the three key figures of the Celtic missionary movement: St. Columba (520-597), St. Aidan (590-651), and St. Columbanus (543-615). Finally, it highlights the similarities and differences among the names mentioned above in carrying out their missionary activities, including the materials they used, the problems they encountered, and the methods they used to achieve the missionary objective.
References
- Adamnan, Saint v.dğr. Vita Sancti Columbae. Dublin: The University Press for the Irish Archaeological and Celtic Society, 1857.
- Aykıt, Dursun Ali. “Pelagianizm’in Tarihi ve Öğretileri”. İstanbul Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 22 (2010), 175-196.
- Baedae. Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum. Freiburg: Mohr, 1882.
- Bernard Meehan. The Book of Kells. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1994.
- Brown, Peter. The Rise of Western Christendom: Triumph and Diversity, A.D. 200-1000. 3. baskı. Chichester, West Sussex ; Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.
- Bryce, Derek. Symbolism of the Celtic Cross. York Beach, ME: Red Wheel/Weiser, 2002.
- Caesar, Gaius Iulius. “Commentarii de Bello Gallico”. Perseus, erişim: 18.08.2022, https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0002%3Abook%3D6%3Achapter%3D13.
- Chadwick, Nora Kershaw. The Age of the Saints in the Early Celtic Church. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1961.
- Clarkson, T. J. The Picts: A History. Edinburgh: Birlinn Ltd, 2016.
- Claussen, M. A. “‘Peregrinatio’ and ‘Peregrini’ In Augustine’s ‘City of God’”. Traditio 46 (1991): 33-75.
- Collingwood, Robin George & John Nowell Linton Myres. Roman Britain and the English Settlements. New York: Biblo & Tannen Publishers, 1936.
- Corning, C. The Celtic and Roman Traditions: Conflict and Consensus in the Early Medieval Church. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
- Duckett, Eleanor Shipley. The Wandering Saints of the Early Middle Ages. New York: Norton, 1964.
- Dunn, Marilyn. The Emergence of Monasticism: From the Desert Fathers to the Early Middle Ages. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2003.
- Eusebius Caesariensis. “De vita Imperatoris Constantini”. Patrologia Latina, ed. Jacques Paul Migne, Paris: J. P. Migne, 1862.
- Evans, John. “S. Germanus in Britain”. Archaeologia Cantiana 80 (1965): 175-185.
- Ferguson, John. Pelagius: A Historical and Theological Study. New York: AMS Press, 1978.
- Flood, William Henry Grattan. “Apostles of Erin, The Twelve”. The Catholic Encyclopedia, New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911, 1: 632.
- G. Hunter III, George. The Celtic Way of Evangelism, Tenth Anniversary Edition: How Christianity Can Reach the West… Again. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2000.
- Gildas. De Excidio Britanniae Liber Querolus. Paris: Patrologia Latina, 1848, 69/8: 337.
- Gottfried’s von Monmouth. Historia regum Britannie. Halle: Eduard. Anton, 1854.
- Güzeldal, Yasin. Aziz Benedikt ve Hıristiyan Manastır Yaşamı. İstanbul: Ayışığı Kitaplığı, 2021.
- Honour, Hugh & John Fleming. The Visual Arts: A History. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1982.
- Innes, Jr, William C. Religious Hair Display and Its Meanings. Springer Nature, 2021.
- Jonas Elnonensis Abbas. “Vita Sancti Columbani Abbatis”. Patrologia Latina, ed. Jacques Paul Migne, Paris: J. P. Migne, 1862, 87: 1011-1045.
- Kendrick, Thomas Downing. The Druids: A Study in Keltic Prehistory. Londra: Methuen & Co., 1927.
- Labbe, Philippe & Gabriel Cossart. Sacrosancta concilia ad regiam editionem exacta. Imprentis Societatis tipographicae librorum ecclesiasticorum, 1671.
- Lambkin, B. “‘Emigrants’ and ‘Exiles’: Migration in the Early Irish and Scottish Church”. The Innes Review 58 (2007): 133-155, https://doi.org/10.1353/inn.2008.0013.
- Lathbury, Thomas. A History of the Convocation of the Church of England: Being an Account of the Proceedings of Anglican Ecclesiastical Councils from the Earliest Period. Londra: J. W. Parker, 1842.
- Lightfoot, Joseph Barber. Leaders in the Northern Church: Sermons Preached in the Diocese of Durham. Londra: Macmillan, 1899.
- McNeill, John Thomas. The Celtic Churches: A History A.D. 200 to 1200. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974.
- Metlake, George. The Life and Writings of Saint Columban, 542?-615. Philadelphia: The Dolphin Press, 1914.
- Mommsen, Theodor. Chronica minora saec. Berolini: APDV Weidmannos, 1892.
- Monumenta Germaniae historica inde ab anno Christi quingentesimo usque ad annum millesimum et quingentesimum. Scriptorum rerum Merovingicarum. Hannoverae: Impenses Bibliopolii Hahniani, 1885.
- Morey, William Carey. Outlines of Roman Law Comprising Its Historical Growth and General Principles. New York & Londra: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1884.
- Museum, The British v.dğr. “The Implications of the Staffordshire Hoard for the Understanding of the Origins and Development of the Insular Art Style as It Appears in Manuscripts and Sculpture”. The Portable Antiquities Scheme, British Museum erişim: 31.08.2022, https://finds.org.uk/staffshoardsymposium/papers/georgeandisabelhenderson.
- O’Mara, Róisín. In Search of Irish Saints: The Peregrinatio pro Christo. Blackrock, Co. Dublin : Four Courts Press, 1994.
- Philip Schaff (ed.). Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers 2: Socrates and Sozomenus Ecclesiastical Histories, Edinburgh: T&T Clarke, 1994.
- Piggott, Stuart. The Druids. New York: Praeger, 1968.
- Richter, Michael. Ireland and Her Neighbours in the Seventh Century. Dublin: Four Courts Press, 1999.
- Ritchie, Anna. Picts: An Introduction to the Life of the Picts and the Carved Stones in the Care of the Secretary of State for Scotland. Edinburgh: H.M.S.O., 1989.
- Rosemary Guiley. The Encyclopedia of Saints. New York: Facts on File, 2001.
- Schaff, Philip. History of the Christian Church, Nicene and Post-Nicene Christianity, A.D. 311-600. Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc., 1997.
- Sherrow, Victoria. Encyclopedia of Hair: A Cultural History. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2006.
- Simms, George Otto. Exploring The Book of Kells. Dublin: O’Brien Press, 1988.
- Thomas O ‘Loughlin. “Penitential Books”. Encyclopedia of Monasticism, Londra: Routledge, 2000, 319-320.
- Ward, Benedicta. The Venerable Bede. Harrisburg, PA: Morehouse Pub., 1990.
- Workman, Herbert B. The Evolution of the Monastic Ideal. Londra: Charles H. Kelly, 1913.
- Zimmer, Heinrich. The Celtic Church in Britain and Ireland. Çev. A. Meyer, Londra: David Nutt, 1902.
There are 49 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Religious Studies |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 15, 2023 |
| Submission Date | October 18, 2022 |
| Acceptance Date | November 30, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 Volume: 4 Issue: 2 |
Cited By
Paskalya'nın Tarihlendirilmesi Problemi: Hesaplama Yöntemleri, Farklılıklar ve Tartışmalar
Dinbilimleri Akademik Araştırma Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.33415/daad.1307470
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